Coating composition



Patented Nov. l, i924,

STTES ERANK J. BAU'It'lTG-ARDNER, F CLEVELAND, Q1110,

'TOR ONE-311F114 TO l L. IPIEEIIFPPE, 03F CLEVELAND, 6 1 110.-

GOATING GQIVIPO SITIQN.

ITo Drawing.

[a all 10/10/17, in may colic-c112 rle it known that r 1mm; J. Bxunoxnu xrn, a citizen ot the United. .btates, residing); at (Ilevelaud, in the county of Cuyahoga and Sta e of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Coating Compositions, of ivnich the following is a siecincation.

My invention relates to improvements in coating compositions, and more particularly to that class known as liquid coatinp compositions,such as paints, enamels, and the like, the improved coating composition cinbodying a body material or tiller which I have discovered maybe used as a substitute for and in tact as an improvement on various extensively employed chemical elements and substances 110W used in the manufacture of paints and varnishes.

My invention further relates to What may be termed a base or pigmen tor paints, enamels, and the like, the improved mate rial preferably comprising. finely divided or pulverized oyster shells which I have discovered may be used not only as a substitute for, but in fact as an improvement on white lead, zinc oxide, lit-hopone, and analogous n'iaterials now frequently and extensively employed in the manufacture of various paintsand enamels.

While I prefer to use pulverized or ground oyster shells, under certain circumstances and for certain purposes I may also use the shells 0t clams, mussels, and the like, of the salt-Wate' variety, of the group of mollusks known as bivalves so that by the term mollusks, as hereinafter used, I mean to include clams, oysters, and mussels of the salt-Water class, it being tound that the shells of clams and mussels of the fresh- Water variety are not adapted for use as a filler or base for the purposes herein referred to.

I have discovered that finely divided or pulverized mollusk shells of the saltuvater variety, such for example,as oyster shells,- are admirably adapted as a substitute for and an improvement on such commonly em ployed substances now used in the manufacture of paint, enamel, and the like, and that such ground oyster shells may not only be used as a substitute for such substances with out sacrificing any of the necessary or desirable qualities or properties of the particular coating composition, but that such Application filed August 5, 1518.

Serial No. Milground shell or tiller material has a marked superiority over such commonly employed tiller or base materials in that it has no acid reaction against the colori materials and therefore requires less col ring material to produce a gi en tint, such oyster or mollusk shell base ccing What may be termed neutral with respect to the action ot' the coloring materials. I

Furthermore, l have discovered that my improved tiller or base material not only better held in suspension in the paint vehicle, but requires less drier than the above mentioned connnonly employed tiller or base ma terials. Furthermore, my improved base or pi gment is non-poisonous in its composition, is entirely free from acid, and does not throw oil noxious odors.

The shells arc reduced to a finely divided condition by grinding or pulverizing in a suitable mill or crusher for this purpose, the degree of fineness being, or course, governed by the requirements to be met by the particular coating composition. lrdinarily'the shells should be ground sufficiently fine to pass through a sieve oft one hundred and fifty (150) to bWO- hundred (200) mesh screen. l Vhen oyster shells are thus reduced the product is a White mass similar to ordinary White lead in general appearance having all the advantages thereof and eliminating' the objectionable features above mentioned.

It should be understood that the pulverized infollusk shells of the salt-water variety, particularly such as oyster shells,-iuay not only be used as a substitute for and improvement on White lead, zine oxide, lithopone, and the like, in connection With the preparation or manufacture of liquid coating composition such as paints, enamels, and the like, but under certain circumstances may be incorporated With such base substances in suitable proportions, resulting in the paint or enamel not only being" greatly improved in quality, but being much more economically produced, particularly since the shells mentioned are comparatively inexpensive and are now practically Waste material.

As applied to or used in the manufacture of paints, the latter may be prepared in any suitable or conventional manner and the ingredients and substances may be varied in number and proportions in accordance with the requirements to be met in the particular paintto be produced. Any suitable and convenient paint vehicle such as linseed oil, cottonseed oil, or the like, may be employed, and if a drier be required any suitable drier such as japan drier, turpentine drier, litharge, or other suitable drier substances having the function desired may be employed ground shells may be reduced and zinc oxide or lithopone, or both, may be added. A paint having this ground shell filler or base produces a perfectly glossed or varnished finish without the use of varnish thus resulting in a further advantage and economy in use.

Where a colored paint is desired the ground or pulverized shells may be incorporated with the paint vehicle and any suitable and convenient coloring matter adapted to produce the desired color may be incorporated.

A paint particularly designed and adapted for coating metal surfaces may be prepared by mixing ground oyster shells, zinc oxide, boiled linseed oil, japan drier and turpentine. A paint prepared in a conventional manner with the above ingredients is adapted to withstand considerable heat without effecting the coating, and I have found that a paint having a filler or base of such ground shells is particular immune to the action of sea or salt-Water, such shell base being particularly adapted to resist the action of such Water and to preserve metal such as iron and steel from deterioration, oxidation, corrosion, or the like.

The following substances when properly mixed and combined in the following proportions will give excellent results:

Powdered oyster shells 30 parts. Zinc oxide 1 parts.

Boiled linseed oil 12 parts. Japan drier 2 parts. Turpentine 6 parts.

Having thus described my improved coating composition or new base or pigment material, without having attempted to set forth all the forms in which it may be made, or all the proportions, modes, or applications of its use, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is,

1. A new liquid coating composition, com.

prising pulverized oyster shells, and a paint vehicle.

2. A new liquid coating composition, com- I FRANK J. BAUMGARDN-ER.

Witnesses:

F. L. PHIPPs, O. C. BILLMAN. 

